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OUTSIDE ASSISTANCE TO
THE INDIAN AND PAKISTANI
NUCLEAR PROGRAMS

Steven Dolley
Nuclear Control Institute
June 5, 1998

India

Supplier

Items

Notes

Canada Cirus research reactor
Cirus reactor fuel
CANDU reactor
heavy water plant
Pu used in '74 test

Rajasthan-1
Kota

China heavy water
LEU fuel (post-1995)

Tarapur 1 &2
France LEU fuel (1982-1994)
heavy water plant
fast breeder technology
Tarapur 1 & 2
Baroda, Tuticorin
Kalpakkam
Norway heavy water illegal transfer
Romania heavy water (Norwegian origin) illegal re-transfer
Russia power reactors Koodankulam 1 & 2
Soviet Union heavy water Rajasthan reactors
Switzerland heavy water plant Baroda, Tuticorin
United Kingdom research reactor fuel Apsara
United States heavy water
power reactors
LEU fuel for Tarapur (until 1982)
reprocessing technology
Cirus research reactor
Tarapur 1 & 2
for Tarapur (until 1982)

Trombay/BARC
West Germany heavy water
heavy water plant
beryllium

furnaces
illegal transfer
Nangal, Talcher
(some US-origin; illegal re-transfer)

Pakistan

Supplier

Items

Notes

Belgium heavy water plant reprocessing technology

Rawalpindi
Canada heavy water plant
CANDU fuel fabrication plant design
China nuclear weapon design
PARR-II research reactor
Khushab reactor
fuel fabrication plant (?)
heavy water
enrichment assistance (ring magnets)
power reactors
reprocessing assistance


4th Chinese test device



Khushab

to Kanupp reactor


Kahuta
Chasma


France reprocessing technology and components
power reactors
SGN
Netherlands centrifuge designs stolen from URENCO
Switzerland enrichment technology illegal transfer
United Kingdom reprocessing facility plans Rawalpindi
United States research reactor PARR-I
West Germany uranium conversion plant
enrichment technology
tritium
tritium purification plant
plans for tritium production reactor
furnaces
milling machines
hot isostatic presses
mass spectrometers
uranium shipping containers
aluminum for centrifuges
illegal transfer
illegal transfer








illegal transfer
illegal transfer



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